ANNOUNCEMENTS

COLORADO COURT OF APPEALS

April 30, 2009

 

“Slip opinions” are the opinions as filed by the judges with the clerk.  Slip opinions are subject to modification, rehearing, withdrawal, or clerical corrections. A link to any modifications to previously posted opinions will appear in the Petition for Rehearing section of the announcement document the day the changes are announced.

 

Click on the case number to view published and modified published opinions.

 

P U B L I S H E D   O P I N I O N S

 

Court of Appeals No.: 06CA2403

Arapahoe County District Court No. 95CR605

Honorable John P. Leopold, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Nathan Jerard Dunlap,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

SENTENCE AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART,

AND CASE REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division III

Opinion by: JUDGE CASEBOLT

Loeb and Criswell*, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals Nos.: 07CA0987, 07CA0988 & 07CA2342

Boulder County District Court No. 05CV920

Honorable Carol Glowinsky, Judge

 

Hamon Contractors, Inc.,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,                                

 

v.

 

Carter & Burgess, Inc., d/b/a Carter and Burgess, Inc., and Craig Kitzman,

 

Defendants-Appellees.

                                                                    

JUDGMENTS AFFIRMED, ORDERS AFFIRMED IN PART,

VACATED IN PART, AND CASE REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division VII

Opinion by: JUDGE J. JONES

Russel and Gabriel, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA2440

Gunnison County District Court No. 06CV62

Honorable J. Steven Patrick, Judge

 

Abril Meadows Homeowner’s Association,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant and Cross-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Jaime A. Castro and Sharon F. Castro,

 

Defendants-Appellees and Cross-Appellants.

 

JUDGMENT REVERSED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE TAUBMAN

Lichtenstein and Criswell*, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0134

City and County of Denver District Court No. 05CV6972

Honorable Sheila A. Rappaport, Judge

 

Andrew Blood and Carrie Blood,

 

Plaintiffs-Appellees,

 

v.

 

Qwest Services Corporation and Qwest Corporation,

 

Defendants-Appellants,

 

and

 

Public Service Company of Colorado, d/b/a Xcel Energy,

 

Third-Party Defendant-Appellee.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED IN PART,

AND CASE REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE WEBB

Furman, J., concurs

Richman, J., concurs in part and dissents in part

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0578

Eagle County District Court No. 05CR393

Honorable R. Thomas Moorhead, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Jason Scott Tuffo,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

ORDER VACATED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division II

Opinion by: JUDGE CONNELLY

Casebolt and Roy, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1036

Larimer County District Court No. 07CV742

Honorable Daniel J. Kaup, Judge

 

Richard Thomas Stumpf,

 

Petitioner-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Colorado Department of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Division,

 

Respondent-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT REVERSED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division II

Opinion by: JUDGE CONNELLY

Casebolt and Roy, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1298

Grand County District Court No. 06CV198

Honorable Mary Clarkson Hoak, Judge

 

Lawrence W. Stuart,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant and Cross-Appellee,

 

v.

 

North Shore Water & Sanitation District,

 

Defendant-Appellee and Cross-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE CRISWELL*

Taubman and Lichtenstein, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1477

City and County of Denver District Court No. 07CV11002

Honorable Christina M. Habas, Judge

 

Ella Mae Bates,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Joan Henneberry, in her official capacity as the Executive Director of the Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing; Sarah E. Roberts, Director of Client Services, Department of Health Care Policy and Financing; Gary Ashby, Benefits Coordination Director of the Department of Health Care Policy and Financing; and the Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing,

 

Defendants-Appellees.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE WEBB

Furman and Richman, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2189

El Paso County District Court No. 08CR2695

Honorable Deborah J. Grohs, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Christopher Ryan Keene,

 

Defendant-Appellee.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED IN PART,

AND CASE REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE HAWTHORNE

Carparelli and Terry, JJ., concur

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2304

City and County of Denver Juvenile Court No. 07JV872

Honorable Karen M. Ashby, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

In the Interest of N.D.C., a Child,

 

Upon the Petition of the Denver Department of Human Services,

 

Petitioner-Appellee,

 

and Concerning P.R.D.,

 

Respondent-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT VACATED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE ROMÁN

Taubman and Sternberg*, JJ., concur

 

 

U N P U B L I S H E D   O P I N I O N S

 

Court of Appeals No. 05CA1952

Arapahoe County District Court No. 04CR1256

Honorable Timothy L. Fasing, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Gabriel Esparza,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE RICHMAN

Webb and Furman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 06CA1597

City and County of Denver District Court No. 06CR10274

Honorable Morris B. Hoffman, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Jerome R. Brooks,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE TERRY

Carparelli and Hawthorne, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA0161

La Plata County District Court No. 06CR85

Honorable David L. Dickinson, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Patrick Earl Clover,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE WEBB

Furman and Richman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA0538

City and County of Denver District Court No. 06CR3510

Honorable Martin F. Egelhoff, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Bobby Smith,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AND SENTENCE REVERSED

AND CASE REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE ROTHENBERG*

Hawthorne and Terry, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1051

City and County of Denver District Court No. 06CR3859

Honorable Anne M. Mansfield, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Demon J. Reed,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE FURMAN

Webb and Richman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1191

Adams County District Court No. 06CV1229

Honorable Thomas R. Ensor, Judge

 

Maxine Mager,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

THF Prairie Center Development, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company,

 

Defendant-Appellee.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE TAUBMAN

Román and Lichtenstein, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1452

Adams County District Court No. 00CR2536

Honorable Edward C. Moss, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

John Joe Rojas,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division III

Opinion by: JUDGE DAILEY

Loeb and Miller, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1529

Jefferson County District Court No. 05CR38

Honorable M.J. Menendez, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Jesse James Chavez,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Dailey, Webb, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1744

Adams County District Court No. 05CR3013

Honorable C. Scott Crabtree, Judge

Honorable Edward C. Moss, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Ronald Bradley Duran,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division II

Opinion by: JUDGE CASEBOLT

Roy and Connelly, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals Nos.: 07CA1830 & 07CA1836

Mesa County District Court Nos. 99CR604 & 99CR1015

Honorable David A. Bottger, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Nathan L. Highline,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE FURMAN

Webb and Richman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA2205

El Paso County District Court No. 06CR6152

Honorable Edward S. Colt, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Michael David Horne,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VII

Opinion by: JUDGE RUSSEL

J. Jones and Gabriel, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No. 07CA2451

City and County of Denver District Court No. 01CR1457

Honorable Catherine A. Lemon, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Phillip G. Haley,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE RICHMAN

Webb and Furman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0365

El Paso County District Court No. 07DR1596

Honorable Jann P. Dubois, Judge

 

In re the Marriage of

 

Ana M. Crespo,

 

Appellee,

 

and

 

Axel Crespo-Gutierrez,

 

Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VII

Opinion by: JUDGE RUSSEL

J. Jones and Gabriel, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0383

Adams County District Court No. 06CR2218

Honorable C. Vincent Phelps, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Jay Winterburn,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AND SENTENCE AFFIRMED

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE TERRY

Hawthorne and Rothenberg*, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0745

City and County of Denver District Court No. 07CV8790

Honorable William D. Robbins, Judge

                                                                                        

Chris Haywood,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Auto-Owners Insurance Company,

 

Defendant-Appellee.

 

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division III

Opinion by: JUDGE LOEB

Dailey and Miller, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1152

Weld County District Court No. 08CV13

Honorable Roger A. Klein, Judge

 

Albert Wiedeman, Perry Wiedeman, and Greg Wiedeman,

 

Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 

v.

 

Kreps-Wiedeman Auctioneers & Real Estate, Inc.,

 

Defendant-Appellee.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE HAWTHORNE

Terry and Rothenberg*, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1250

City and County of Denver District Court No. 07CV10774

Honorable Robert L. McGahey, Jr., Judge

 

COPIC Insurance Company,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

James Fred Ledbetter and Olga Ledbetter,

 

Defendants-Appellants.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE J. JONES

Russel and Gabriel, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1570

El Paso County District Court No. 95CR784

Honorable Robert L. Lowrey, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Eileen Garcia,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Webb, Furman, and Terry, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2005

Adams County District Court No. 07JV116

Honorable Katherine R. Delgado, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

In the Interest of R.I.M., a Child,

 

Upon the Petition of the Adams County Department of Human Services,

 

Petitioner-Appellee,

 

and Concerning K.P.M.,

 

Respondent-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division IV

Opinion by: JUDGE RICHMAN

Webb and Furman, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2198

Logan County District Court No. 06JV103

Honorable Michael K. Singer, Judge

Honorable J. Curt Penny, Judge

Honorable Kevin L. Hoyer, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Petitioner-Appellee,

 

In the Interest of S.R.M. and T.L.M., Children,

 

and Concerning W.L.M.,

 

Respondent-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE ROMÁN

Taubman and Lichtenstein, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2268

Weld County District Court No. 07CV57

Honorable Thomas J. Quammen, Judge

 

Michael E. Larson and Michele R. Larson,

 

Plaintiffs-Appellees,

 

v.

 

Keil H. Lacey and Amber M. Lacy,

 

Defendants-Appellants.

 

JUDGMENT AFFIRMED

 

Division VI

Opinion by: JUDGE TERRY

Hawthorne and Rothenberg*, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2307

City and County of Denver Juvenile Court No. 07JV872

Honorable Karen M. Ashby, Judge

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

In the Interest of N.D.C., a Child,

 

Upon the Petition of the Denver Department of Human Services,

 

Petitioner-Appellee,

 

and Concerning D.C.,

 

Respondent-Appellant.

 

JUDGMENT VACATED AND CASE

REMANDED WITH DIRECTIONS

 

Division I

Opinion by: JUDGE ROMÁN

Taubman and Sternberg*, JJ., concur

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA2466

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 12954-2008

 

Kenneth H. Kaplan, M.D.,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and Lisa M. Holguin,

 

Respondents.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED       

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 09CA0109

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 17429-2008

 

Elmer M. Sequeira,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and United Parcel Service, Inc.,

                                                         

Respondents.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 09CA0153

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 16253-2008

 

Clifton H. Dillard,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and Division of Employment and Training,

 

Respondents.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 09CA0164

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 19656-2008

 

Guadalupe G. Manzanares,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and Corum Real Estate Group, Inc.,

 

Respondents.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 09CA0215

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 16528-2008

 

Elizabeth A. DeWolf-Griffon,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and Duckwall Alco Stores, Inc.,

                                                         

Respondents.

 

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 09CA0217

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado

DD No. 13213-2008

 

Marie A. Salinas,

 

Petitioner,

 

v.

 

Industrial Claim Appeals Office of the State of Colorado and Aqua Corporation,

 

Respondents.

 

ORDER AFFIRMED

 

Division B

Hawthorne, Román, and Furman, JJ.

PER CURIAM

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

P E T I T I O N S  F O R  R E H E A R I N G

 

Court of Appeals No.: 06CA0915

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Joseph Eligio Zuniga,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Opinion Modified and

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 06CA1533

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Ermulo Enriquez Orozco,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 06CA2492

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Shaun Randall Davis,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Opinion Modified

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA0652

 

Sadie Martinez,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

David Garcia, a/k/a William David Garcia,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA0979

                                                                                        

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Matthew S. Castellano,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1259

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Jeffrey Allen Huggins, Sr.,

 

Defendant-Appellee.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1646

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Gerardo Joel Delacruz,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 07CA1766

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Harry Schonleber,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

Taubman, J., would GRANT

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA0349

 

Rocky Mountain Festivals, Inc., d/b/a Colorado Renaissance Festivals, Inc.,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Parsons Corporation and James M. Miller,

 

Defendants-Appellees.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1367

 

Fish Creek Water Association, Inc.,

 

Plaintiff-Appellant,

 

v.

 

Town of Estes Park; Larimer County Board of Commissioners; Van Horn Trust; and Rock Castle Development Company,

 

Defendants-Appellees.

 

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

Court of Appeals No.: 08CA1488

 

The People of the State of Colorado,

 

Plaintiff-Appellee,

 

v.

 

Billy Ray Waddles,

 

Defendant-Appellant.

 

Opinion Modified and

Petition for Rehearing DENIED

 

NOT PUBLISHED PURSUANT TO C.A.R. 35(f)

 

 

*Sitting by assignment of the Chief Justice under provisions of Colo. Const. art. VI, § 5(3), and § 24-51-1105, C.R.S. 2008.